Last summer, the British public surprised almost everyone by voting to leave the European Union. No one knows how that will turn out; however, this program puts the possibilities into perspective by looking at the history as a whole, reviewing the 8,000 years since rising sea levels physically separated the British Isles from the European continent. Most of the challenges facing Britain in the 2010s are neither new nor uniquely British. Looking at these challenges over the long term reveals some surprising patterns that offer hints about the fate of the Western world in the 21st century.